Mumps virus paramyxovirus
Mumps virus paramyxovirus. INTRODUCTION TO PARAMYXOVIRUSES. 60th Anniversary Issue. Virus ini merupakan penyebab infeksi pada kelenjar parotis paling umum, terutama pada anak-anak. , lymphoid and endothelial tissues for measles virus (MV) (Griffin 2007), the parotid gland, CNS and endothelial tissues for mumps virus (MuV) (Carbone and Rubin 2007) or Nov 23, 2022 · Mumps is caused by a type of germ called a virus. It spreads the same way as the flu and common cold. Common clinical features include parotitis (swollen salivary glands in cheek and jaw area) and fever. Mar 4, 1998 · The major human viruses of the Paramyxoviridae family are: measles virus, mumps virus, the parainfluenza viruses (types 1, 2, 3, 4a, and 4b), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Mumps is a disease caused by the mumps virus, which is a member of the paramyxoviridae family. Characteristics. The RNA genome size varies substantially: 15,384 nt for Sendai virus (SeV); 15,600 nt for human parainfluenza virus 1 (HPIV1); 15,462 nt for human parainfluenza virus 3, (HPIV-3); 15,384 nt for mumps virus (MuV); 15,246 nt for parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5, previously known as simian virus 5 [SV-5]); 15,450 nt for simian virus 41 (SV-41); 15,156 The family Paramyxoviridae includes many viruses that significantly affect human and animal health. Paramyxoviruses have enveloped virions (virus particles) varying in size from 150 to 200 nm (1 nm = 10−9 metre) in diameter. The virus is transmitted by respiratory secretions and by saliva via aerosol form and/or fomites. Mumps virus belongs to the genus Paramyxovirus and exhibits most characteristics of the Paramyxoviridae. This is actually a large family of viruses which includes measles virus and parainfluenza viruses, and all of these tend to affect children the most. Jul 30, 2008 · Introduction. Genome. The mumps virus was first identified by Johnson and Goodpasture in 1934. . Section 5: travel-associated infections & diseases - mumps. The mumps virus contains a nonsegmented, single-stranded, linear genome that is 15,384 nucleotides in length and made of ribonucleic acid (RNA). It is assigned to the genus Orthorubulavirus in the subfamily Rubulavirinae, family Paramyxoviridae. May 1, 2024 · Paramyxovirus (RNA) Rapidly inactivated by chemical agents, heat, and ultraviolet light. The protein encoded by the mRNA has 582 amino acids and a membrane anchorage domain near th … Mumps atau Gondongan disebabkan oleh virus yang disebut paramyxovirus yang menginfeksi kelenjar liur terutama kelenjar parotis yang terletak di depan dan di bawah telinga. The family Paramyxoviridae contains a large number of viruses of animals (Table 1), including a number of major animal pathogens (such as Newcastle disease virus (NDV), canine distemper virus, and rinderpest virus), zoonotic pathogens (such as Hendra and Nipah viruses), and a number of somewhat obscure viruses whose natural histories are poorly understood. Oct 18, 2023 · The Paramyxoviridae family includes established human pathogens such as measles virus, mumps virus, and the human parainfluenza viruses; highly lethal zoonotic pathogens such as Nipah virus; and a number of recently identified agents, such as Sosuga virus, which remain poorly understood. Since then, reports of mumps cases in the US declined significantly. Mumps virus is a paramyxovirus in the same group as parainfluenza and Newcastle disease viruses, which produce antibodies that cross-react with mumps virus. , 2021a, 2021b). Prodrome symptoms may include fever, headache, myalgias, weakness, malaise, and anorexia. Respiratory symptoms are common. Sep 19, 2024 · Mumps disease is caused by a paramyxovirus and can be prevented by vaccination. For nearly all paramyxoviruses, membrane fusion is triggered at the cell surface in a receptor-dependent, pH-independent manner [1-3] and two viral glycoproteins mediate this process – an attachment protein referred to as HN, H, or G (HN/H/G), depending on the virus, and the fusion (F May 11, 2015 · Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Petit Science Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA; The paramyxovirus family includes major human and animal pathogens, including measles virus, mumps virus, and human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), as well as the emerging zoonotic Hendra and Nipah viruses. Some of the most threatening Paramyxoviruses to humans include Hendra virus, Measles, Mumps, Nipah virus, and Parainfluenza viruses. The family Paramyxoviridae is an interesting group of large, enveloped, negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses that includes many important human and animal viruses such as measles virus (MeV), mumps virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and the human parainfluenza viruses (hPIV) in addition to animal viral agents such as Sendai virus (SeV Sep 17, 2014 · For measles virus, a related paramyxovirus, it was also assumed that the virus initially infects the respiratory epithelium, but this assumption proved to be incorrect when macrophages and dendritic cells in the lung tissue were shown to be the primary target cells infected with this virus 40. Jul 10, 2023 · The subfamily Pneumovirinae gives rise to the genus Pneumovirus (respiratory syncytial virus). Feb 25, 2016 · Introduction. Clinical Description. May 13, 2009 · Mumps virus (MuV) is a paramyxovirus from the Rubulavirus genus. Mumps is highly infectious; it is transmitted by direct contact, respiratory droplets and fomites, and inoculates through nose or mouth. Coughing or sneezing can release tiny droplets with the virus into the air. Symptomatology and Outcome Jun 18, 2022 · 1. Sep 5, 2018 · Mumps is a leading cause of acquired sensorineural deafness among children. Paramyxovirus particles are pleomorphic, with a lipid … As well as greatly expanding the known paramyxovirus sequence diversity, the identification of viruses closely related to human mumps virus (MuV, Rubulavirus) and canine distemper virus (CDV, Morbillivirus) in bats suggests bats host paramyxoviruses from genera beyond just the henipaviruses that may have the potential to switch hosts and cause Mar 15, 2014 · Even though the mumps virus, Rubulavirus, shares similar morphologic features to human parainfluenza viruses (known as hPIVs, as part of the Paramyxovirus genus), no cross-immunity between these viruses is known. Mumps is caused by a virus in the paramyxovirus family, which also includes viral pneumonia, measles and rubella in humans and distemper in dogs. Among the RNA viruses with helical symmetry, enveloped, and with a nucleocapsid 180 Å in diameter, the following forms have been separated: subspherical virions, which are the Paramyxoviridae, and bullet-shaped virions, which are the Stomatoviridae. An essential step in the paramyxovirus life cycle is viral entry into host cells, mediated by virus-cell membrane fusion. Up to 20% of infections have no symptoms and up to half have mild or only respiratory symptoms. Paramyxovirus, any virus belonging to the family Paramyxoviridae. Epidemiology. Jul 10, 2023 · Mumps: Mumps has a nonspecific prodrome that occurs a few days prior to parotitis. Less frequently, MuV infection results in serious complications including aseptic meningitis and encephalitis . Other viral causes include coxsackie A virus, cytomegalovirus, echovirus, enterovirus, influenza, and parainfluenza viruses. The virus spreads from person to person through direct contact with infected saliva or through respiratory droplets from the infected person’s nose, mouth or throat. Higher titers of virus in respiratory secretions usually are associated with increased severity of disease, in prospective studies of natural infection or of clinical vaccine trials . Introduction. The family Paramyxoviridae is large and diverse. It encompasses viruses that infect reptilian, avian and mammalian hosts, and includes a number of human pathogens, such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), mumps (MuV), measles (MeV), parainfluenza viruses (PIV 1–5), and the newly emerged Nipah and Hendra Sep 21, 2017 · Mumps is a contagious viral infection caused by a paramyxovirus that spreads through droplets or saliva, typically entering through the nose or mouth. The mumps vaccine is a live attenuated viral vaccine; several vaccine formulations are available Dec 1, 2021 · Jeryl Lynn Hilleman was diagnosed with mumps infection in 1963. The family Paramyxoviridae is an interesting group of large, enveloped, negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses that includes many important human and animal viruses such as measles virus (MeV), mumps virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and the human parainfluenza viruses (hPIV) in addition to animal viral agents such as and Sendai virus (SeV Paramyxovirus infection typically begins in the respiratory tract and may remain at that site (e. The parotid glands make saliva. Mumps is known as a “childhood” disease because it normally affects children under 10 years of age. The virus typically enters through the nose or mouth. There has also Jun 25, 2023 · Of the many viral infections resulting in parotitis, mumps (a paramyxovirus) is the classic cause of epidemic parotitis. 13 Paramyxoviridae—Type Genus: Paramyxovirus. Only one serotype exists, but there are 13 genotypes. Paramyxovirus entry into cells requires the fusion of the virion envelope with a host cell membrane. The mumps virus, which is a type of paramyxovirus, causes mumps. The virus can be present in saliva before symptoms appear, with the highest transmission just before the development of parotitis (swelling of the salivary glands). It is an enveloped, single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus in the paramyxovirus family. Mumps has seen a re-emergence in recent years, even in highly vaccinated populations. Many paramyxoviruses are host-specific and several, such as measles virus, mumps virus, Nipah virus, Hendra virus and several parainfluenza Mumps virus is a single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the genus Paramyxovirus. A worldwide survey of ~5,000 bat specimens identified 66 novel paramyxovirus species—more than double the existing total within this family of viruses []. Mumps was first described by Hippocrates in the fifth century BC, in his first Book of Epidemics, but a viral aetiology was not demonstrated until the 1930s, when Johnson and Goodpasture fulfilled Koch’s postulates by transferring the disease from experimentally infected rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), to children in his neighbourhood, using a bacteria-free, filter-sterilized Virus may spread from cell to cell, but also it is likely that small aspirations of upper respiratory secretions with virus inoculate the lower tract. The high hu … Mumps virus is a member of the genus Paramyxovirus in the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Orthorubulavirus, which includes human parainfluenza viruses 2 and 4; parainfluenza virus 5 (formerly simian virus 5); Mapuera virus; porcine rubulavirus (La Piedad Michoacan Mexico virus); and simian virus 41. May 31, 2024 · This group encompasses numerous human endemic viruses that hold significant medical importance, such as measles virus, mumps virus, human rubulavirus types 2 and 4, and human respirovirus types 1 Gondong disebabkan oleh virus mumps, yang termasuk dalam keluarga virus yang dikenal sebagai paramyxovirus. g. The more recent outbreaks have shown a change in demographic: mumps is no longer a disease of young children, but instead, cases are occurring mainly in young adults [1,2,3,4,5]. Emerging infectious disease (EID) events are dominated by zoonoses: infections that are naturally transmissible from animals to humans or vice versa []. May 31, 2024 · Mumps is an acute systemic infectious disease caused by an RNA paramyxovirus. Or you can get the virus by touching a surface where droplets have landed and then touching your face. Dogs can only contract mumps through contact with an infected human. 19 Humans are the natural host of this virus. , human parainfluenza virus 1 [HPIV-1]) or spread to secondary sites (e. Sharing items that may have saliva on them, such as water bottles or cups. Sep 7, 2020 · Mumps is caused by a single-stranded RNA paramyxovirus. Sarah L. However, about one-third of infections do not cause clinically apparent salivary gland swelling. Apr 24, 2012 · The large virus family Paramyxoviridae includes some of the most significant human and livestock viruses, such as measles-, distemper-, mumps-, parainfluenza-, Newcastle disease-, respiratory Jun 6, 2024 · Mumps is a contagious disease caused by the mumps virus. Nicknames and Aliases Cause: Mumps virus, a paramyxovirus. In the pre-vaccine era, mumps was a severe contagious disease with a high morbidity of approximately 40–726 cases per 100,000 population per year [7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24] (Table 1). The virus that causes mumps, a paramyxovirus, is spread by droplets or saliva. You can get mumps and spread the virus by: Coughing, sneezing, or talking. You can get the virus by breathing in tiny droplets. The complete nucleotide sequence of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein (HN) mRNA of the virulent SBL-1 strain of mumps virus has been determined. Apr 5, 2024 · Mumps is an acute viral illness caused by a paramyxovirus. Noton, Rachel Fearns, in Virology, 2015 Introduction. Mar 5, 2020 · 2. B. The Paramyxovirus family has several prime suspect pathogens that are known to cause a wide range of diseases in people and in animals. When someone has mumps, the virus is in saliva. Virus ini juga dapat menginfeksi kelenjar ludah lainnya yang lebih rendah yang terletak di sepanjang rahang. Mumps is caused by the mumps virus, a type of paramyxovirus that spreads from person to person through coughs, sneezes and saliva, as well as through contact with contaminated items and surfaces (used tissues, shared drinking glasses, dirty hands that The Paramyxoviridae family, which includes the measles virus, mumps virus, and parainfluenza virus, are enveloped viruses with single-stranded, negative-sense RNA genomes and helical nucleocapsids primarily spread through respiratory droplets. ANDRÉ LWOFF, PAUL TOURNIER, in Comparative Virology, 1971. Mumps was a common childhood illness prior to the introduction of the mumps vaccine and the implementation of mumps vaccination policies in 1977. Nucleoprotein, phosphoprotein, and polymerase together with the genomic RNA facilitate the replication of the virus, leading to the formation of the nucleocapsid. Illness and treatment: Mumps causes inflammation of glandular tissue, most commonly salivary glands (parotitis). CDC Yellow Book 2024: health information for international travel. RSV The paramyxovirus family comprises major human and animal pathogens such as measles virus (MeV), mumps virus (MuV), the parainfluenzaviruses, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and the highly pathogenic zoonotic hendra (HeV) and nipah (NiV) viruses. Mumps was a serious disease that cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide before the program of mumps vaccination starting []. Mar 24, 2023 · What is it? Mumps is an infection with a virus that causes swelling of the parotid glands in front of each ear. The virus has a single-stranded RNA genome. live measles-, mumps-, and rubella-virus-containing vaccines, or (1) Documented doses of live measles and mumps virus-containing vaccines; dose of rubella-virus-containing vaccine, or (1) Documented doses of live measles and mumps virus-containing vaccines; dose of rubella-virus-containing vaccine, or (1) Documented age-appropriate vaccination with Nov 4, 2016 · The genus Rubulavirus includes mumps virus, human parainfluenza viruses 2 and 4, and canine parainfluenza virus 5 (previously simian virus 5), and simian virus 41, which are closely related to human parainfluenza virus 2, but distinguished on the basis of sequence analysis of specific genes (eg, N protein) and their host range. Parotitis is present in 70% of Mumps infection, as it is the most common manifestation. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The genomic structure of both viruses is that of a typical paramyxovirus. [13] Mumps virus. Mumps is a systemic disease characterized by swelling of the salivary glands, which usually lasts several days. It’s very easy to catch the mumps virus if you come in contact with tiny droplets of an Introduction to Paramyxoviruses. The mumps virus is an enveloped single-stranded virus belonging to the paramyxovirus family. Mumps spreads through direct contact with saliva or respiratory droplets. Humans are the only known natural host for mumps virus, which is spread via direct contact or by airborne droplets from the upper respiratory tract of infected individuals. Prior to mass vaccination, mumps was a very common childhood illness, with characteristic symptoms including fever, fatigue, and inflammation of the salivary glands. May 6, 2024 · Mumps is caused by a virus called a paramyxovirus. Mumps virus was one of the first viruses implicated in the development of human T1D: (1) a high frequency of children with mumps appeared to have islet cell antibodies and occasionally developed overt diabetes, 50 and (2) mumps outbreaks were associated Jan 1, 2014 · Mumps virus is a member of the genus Paramyxovirus in the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Rubulavirus, which includes human parainfluenza viruses 2, 4a, and 4b; parainfluenza virus 5 (formerly simian virus 5); Mapuera virus; porcine rubulavirus (La Piedad Michoacan Mexico virus); simian virus 41; and tentative genus members Menangle virus and Tioman virus. The virus is readily inactivated by heat Nov 27, 2005 · Mumps is prevalent worldwide, but incidence has significantly decreased in developed nations due to MMR vaccination. The mRNA contains 1887 nucleotides excluding the poly(A). Her father, Maurice Hilleman, a virologist at Merck, collected a throat swab from his 5-year-old daughter, isolated the mumps virus in his laboratory, passaged the virus several times to attenuate the virus, and subsequently produced the Jeryl Lynn strain of mumps vaccine virus. 1 In this issue of Pediatrics, investigators from the Jun 30, 2017 · Mumps virus is a single-stranded DNA paramyxovirus that causes parotitis and orchitis in school-aged children and adolescents; it sometimes is complicated by meningoencephalitis and pancreatitis. Due to the lack of either a licensed human vaccine (a Hendra virus vaccine exists for horses) or antiviral therapies, Hendra virus and Nipah virus are designated as Biosafety level (BSL) 4 agents. The nucleocapsid, which consists of a protein shell (or capsid) and contains the viral nucleic acids, has a The paramyxovirus family comprises major human and animal pathogens such as measles virus (MeV), mumps virus (MuV), the parainfluenzaviruses, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and the highly pathogenic zoonotic hendra (HeV) and nipah (NiV) viruses. It occurs only in a single serotype and shares minor common envelope antigens with other Paramyxovirus species. The virus is related to parainfluenza and Newcastle disease viruses, and antibodies to these viruses may cross-react with the mumps virus (Marlow et al. It spreads through direct contact with saliva or respiratory droplets from the mouth, nose, or throat. The subfamily Paramyxovirinae gives rise to the genus Morbillivirus (measles virus/ rubeola), to the genus Respirovirus (para-influenza viruses 1 and 3), and to the genus Rubulavirus (mumps virus and para-influenza viruses 2 and 4). When complicated by the latter, it manifests in abdominal pain and diarrhea, and the condition is usually self-limiting [ 6 ]. Paramyxovirus Oct 18, 2023 · Paramyxoviruses include important human pathogens such as measles virus (MV) and mumps virus (MuV), zoonotic agents such as Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) that emerge from bats [], impactful animal viruses with a very wide host range such as canine distemper virus (CDV) and the eradicated rinderpest virus (RPV) [], and a swathe of recently identified viruses and sequences with Mar 4, 1998 · The major human viruses of the Paramyxoviridae family are: measles virus, mumps virus, the parainfluenza viruses (types 1, 2, 3, 4a, and 4b), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Oct 14, 2019 · The family Paramyxoviridae consists of large enveloped RNA viruses infecting mammals, birds, reptiles and fish. It is present in saliva up to 7 days before salivary gland swelling appears, and transmissibility is highest just before the development of parotitis. Upon viral entry, infection results Remarks on the Classification of Viruses. Oct 10, 2023 · Paramyxoviruses include important human pathogens such as measles virus (MV) and mumps virus (MuV), zoonotic agents such as Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) that emerge from bats [], impactful animal viruses with a very wide host range such as canine distemper virus (CDV) and the eradicated rinderpest virus (RPV) [], and a swathe of recently identified viruses and sequences with Sep 17, 2014 · For measles virus, a related paramyxovirus, it was also assumed that the virus initially infects the respiratory epithelium, but this assumption proved to be incorrect when macrophages and dendritic cells in the lung tissue were shown to be the primary target cells infected with this virus 40. All of the viruses of the Paramyxoviridae family are spread through the respiratory route and are highly contagious. Aug 22, 2024 · Mumps is caused by the mumps virus (genus Paramyxovirus, family Paramyxoviridae). hflyzkn xqqgy kmpj pno serg pxgtmvmm rwtwan qsdlw oxdcrzve vfkpc